Panner

Pan Knob Sets the amount of input signal sent to the left and right outputs.
Audio-rate Modulation This special pan modulation input supports audio-rate signals for extreme panning effects.
Curve Selector Choose the panning law between -6 dB, -3 dB and 0 dB center.
Input Mono input signal.
Outputs Stereo output signal.

Overview ⚓︎

The Panner module places a monophonic audio signal in a stereo field. This is achieved by rendering the signal at a different amplitude on the left and right channels.

When the Pan knob is centered, the signal has the same volume on both channels and will sound centered.
When the Pan knob is fully counterclockwise, the signal only plays on the left channel.
When the knob is fully clockwise, the signal only plays on the right channel.

Using the two modulation inputs below the Pan knob, you can use CV signals such as LFOs, envelopes or keyboard modulations to move the audio signal between left and right.

In Depth ⚓︎

Audio-rate Modulations ⚓︎

Under the Pan knob, an input labeled Audio-rate can be used to apply panning modulation from an audio-rate signal such as that from a VCOs. This effect is reminiscent of ring modulation, but in stereo.

Curve ⚓︎

The Curve setting sets the panning law:

-6 dB: constant gain panning. When the Pan knob is centered, the left and right outputs have exactly half the amplitude of the input (-6 dB). When panning from left to right, this may give the impression that the volume is lower at center than on the sides.
-3 dB: constant power panning. This is the default setting. When the Pan knob is centered, the left and right outputs are 3 dB below the input level. When listening in a standard room with properly positioned speakers, the volume will not perceptually change when panning from left to right.
0 dB: when the Pan knob is centered, both the left and right channels play at full volume. When panning from left to right, this will give the impression that the level is higher at center.

Unless you want to achieve a particular effect, the -3 dB setting is the best for panning.

Alternate Use ⚓︎

The Panner module can be used as a two-way signal router. Instead of using the outputs as left and right, send them to two different module chains to apply different effects, and use the Pan knob to switch the signal between the two.

When using the Panner as a router, the -6 dB and 0 dB curves may work best.